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Titre : Certification of training : application of a community-based model for diffusion of tobacco cessation intervention skills Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Myra L. Muramoto, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2000 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 9 (4) Importance : p.408-414 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] prévention:formation
[TABAC] sevrage tabagique
[TABAC] sevrage tabagique:méthode de sevrage:méthode collective:groupeIndex. décimale : TA 6.3 Programmes à composantes multiples Résumé : To describe the development and preliminary results from a community based certification model for training in tobacco cessation skills in Arizona. Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2602 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité TA 002516 TA 6.3 MUR C Article/Périodique Bibliothèque FARES Tabac Consultation sur place
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Titre : Chemical evaluation of electronic cigarettes Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Tianrong Cheng, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2014 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 23: ii11-ii17 Importance : p. 11-17 Présentation : tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:additif:agent de saveur
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette:cigarette électronique
[TABAC] étude:recherche:recherche cliniqueIndex. décimale : TA 1.2 Tabac non fumé Résumé : Objective
To review the available evidence evaluating the chemicals in refill solutions, cartridges, aerosols and environmental emissions of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).
Methods
Systematic literature searches were conducted to identify research related to e-cigarettes and chemistry using 5 reference databases and 11 search terms. The search date range was January 2
007 to September 2013. The search yielded 36 articles, of which 29 were deemed relevant for analysis.
Results
The levels of nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), aldehydes, metals, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), flavours, solvent carriers and tobacco alkaloids in e-cigarette refill solutions, cartridges, aerosols and environmental emissions vary considerably. The delivery of nicotine and the release of TSNAs, aldehydes and metals are not consistent across products. Furthermore, the nicotine level listed on the labels of e-cigarette cartridges and refill solutions is often significantly different from measured values. Phenolic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and drugs have also been reported in e-cigarette refill solutions, cartridges and aerosols. Varying results in particle size distributions of particular matter emissions from e-cigarettes across studies have been observed. Methods applied for the generation and chemical analyses of aerosols differ across studies. Performance characteristics of e-cigarette devices also vary across and within brands.
Conclusions Additional studies based on knowledge of e-cigarette user behaviours and scientifically validated aerosol generation and chemical analysis methods would be helpful in generating reliable measures of chemical quantities. This would allow comparisons of e-cigarette aerosol and traditional smoke constituent levels and would inform an evaluation of the toxicity potential of e-cigarettes
En ligne : https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/23/suppl_2/ii11 Format de la ressource électronique : Page de l'éditeur Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9564 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Criteria for determining an optimal cigarette tax: the economist's perspective Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : K.E. Warner, Auteur ; F. Chaloupka, Auteur ; J. Cook, Auteur ; W.G. Manning, Auteur ; J.P. Newhouse, Auteur ; T.E. Novotny, Auteur ; T.C. Schelling, Auteur ; Joy Townsend, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 1995 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 4 Importance : p.380-386 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] économie du tabac:prix du tabac
[TABAC] législation:taxation:taxe sur le tabacIndex. décimale : TA 9.3.3 Taxation En ligne : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1759474/pdf/v004p00380.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9525 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Cross-sectional study of the associations between the implementation of the WHO FCTC tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship bans and current e-cigarette use among youth from countries with different income levels / Tuija Ylitörmänen (2024)
Titre : Cross-sectional study of the associations between the implementation of the WHO FCTC tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship bans and current e-cigarette use among youth from countries with different income levels Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Tuija Ylitörmänen, Auteur ; Yelena Tarasenko, Auteur ; Heikki Hiilamo, Auteur ; Otto Ruokolainen, Auteur ; Pekka Puska, Auteur ; Hanna Ollila, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2024 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 9 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] personne:par âge:jeune
[TABAC] CANDIDATS:e-cigarette
[TABAC] étude
[TABAC] législation:Convention Cadre sur la Lutte Anti Tabac
[TABAC] législation:législation antitabac:interdiction de la publicité
[TABAC] législation:lutte anti-tabac
[TABAC] prévention:campagne:campagne médiatique:internetIndex. décimale : TA 9.1.2 Publicité Résumé : Background: The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) Article 13 requires countries to ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS), and bans are recommended to cover electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). We examined youth e-cigarette prevalence by TAPS regulations in countries with different income levels.
Methods: We analysed data on 165 299 respondents from 48 countries with 2016/2018 WHO FCTC implementation reports and 2016-2019 Global Youth Tobacco Survey. We used multilevel logistic regressions to examine associations between TAPS regulations and current e-cigarette use, stratified by country income.
Results: About 1 in 10 respondents was currently using e-cigarettes. Respondents in countries with TAPS bans on the internet were less likely to use e-cigarettes (adjOR=0.58; 95% CI 0.39 to 0.86) than youth in countries without such bans. In lower middle-income and low-income countries, bans on displaying tobacco products at the point of sale (adjOR=0.55; 95% CI 0.34 to 0.90), bans on product placement (adjOR=0.44; 95% CI 0.28 to 0.69) and strength of additional TAPS measures were associated with lower prevalence of e-cigarette use among students. Being taught about the dangers of the use of tobacco in school was associated with lower odds of e-cigarette use. No differences in the use of e-cigarettes were observed by types of TAPS among respondents in high-income countries.
Conclusions: Strengthening implementation of TAPS policies and assuring they cover new and emerging products, online channels and points of sales are essential, especially in lower income countries. Maintaining tobacco health education is also important to protect youth from e-cigarette use.
En ligne : https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/early/2024/01/29/tc-2023-058160 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10221 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Declines in cigarette smoking among US adolescents and young adults : indications of independence from e-cigarette vaping surge Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : John, P. Pierce, Auteur ; Man Luo, Auteur ; Sara B McMenamin, Auteur ; Matthew D Stone, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2023-11 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 8 p. Présentation : graph., tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Amérique:Amérique du Nord:Etats-Unis
[DIVERS] personne:par âge:jeune
[TABAC] CANDIDATS:e-cigarette
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette
[TABAC] étude:enquête
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme actifIndex. décimale : TA 1.1.1 Cigarettes (« normales », électroniques, aromatisées,…) Résumé : Objective
To compare trends in cigarette smoking and nicotine vaping among US population aged 17–18 years and 18–24 years.
Methods
Regression analyses identified trends in ever and current use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes, using three US representative surveys from 1992 to 2022.
Results
From 1997 to 2020, cigarette smoking prevalence among those aged 18–24 years decreased from 29.1% (95% CI 27.4% to 30.7%) to 5.4% (95% CI 3.9% to 6.9%). The decline was highly correlated with a decline in past 30-day smoking among those aged 17–18 years (1997: 36.8% (95% CI 35.6% to 37.9%; 2022: 3.0% (95% CI 1.8% to 4.1%). From 2017 to 2019, both ever-vaping and past 30-day nicotine vaping (11.0% to 25.5%) surged among those 17–18 years, however there was no increase among those aged
18–24 years. Regression models demonstrated that the surge in vaping was independent of the decline in cigarette smoking. In the 24 most populous US states, exclusive vaping did increase among those aged 18–24 years, from 1.7% to 4.0% to equivalent to 40% of the decline in cigarette smoking between 2014–15 and 2018–19. Across these US states, the correlation between the changes in vaping and smoking prevalence was low (r=0.11). In the two US states with >US$1/ fluid mL tax on e-cigarettes in 2017, cigarette smoking declined faster than the US average.
Conclusions
Since 1997, a large decline in cigarette smoking occurred in the US population under age 24 years, that was independent of the 2017–19 adolescent surge in past 30-day e-cigarette vaping. Further research is needed to assess whether the 2014–15 to 2018–19 increase in exclusive vaping in those aged 18–24 years is a cohort effect from earlier dependence on e-cigarette vaping as adolescents.En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc-2022-057907 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10250 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Do electronic cigarettes increase cigarette smoking in UK adolescents? Evidence from a 12-month prospective study Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Mark Conner, Auteur ; Sarah Grogan, Auteur ; Ruth Simms-Ellis, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2017 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 9 p. Présentation : tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Europe:Europe occidentale:Royaume-Uni
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette:cigarette électronique
[TABAC] étude:épidémiologie
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme actif:tabagisme adolescentIndex. décimale : TA 1.1.1 Cigarettes (« normales », électroniques, aromatisées,…) Résumé : Background
In cross-sectional surveys, increasing numbers of adolescents report using both electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and cigarettes. This study assessed whether adolescent e-cigarette use was associated prospectively with initiation or escalation of cigarette use.
Methods
Data were from 2836 adolescents (aged 13–14 years at baseline) in 20 schools in England. At baseline, breath carbon monoxide levels, self-reported e-cigarette and cigarette use, sex, age, friends and family smoking, beliefs about cigarette use and percentage receiving free school meals (measure of socioeconomic status) were assessed. At 12-month follow-up, selfreported cigarette use was assessed and validated by
breath carbon monoxide levels.
Results
At baseline, 34.2% of adolescents reported ever using e-cigarettes (16.0% used only e-cigarettes). Baseline ever use of e-cigarettes was strongly associated with subsequent initiation (n=1726; OR 5.38, 95% CI 4.02 to 7.22; controlling for covariates, OR 4.06, 95% CI 2.94 to 5.60) and escalation (n=318; OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.21; controlling for covariates, this effect became non-significant, OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.82) of cigarette use.
Conclusions
This is the first study to report prospective relationships between ever use of e-cigarettes and initiation and escalation of cigarette use among UK adolescents. Ever use of e-cigarettes was robustly associated with initiation but more modestly related to escalation of cigarette use. Further research with longer follow-up in a broader age range of adolescents is required.
En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053539 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9686 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Have combustible cigarettes met their match : The nicotine delivery profiles and harmful constituent exposures of second-generation and third-generation electronic cigarette users Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Theodore L. Wagener, Auteur ; Evan L. Floyd, Auteur ; Irina Stepanov, Auteur ; Leslie M. Driskill, Auteur ; Summer G. Frank, Auteur ; Ellen Meier, Auteur ; Eleanor L. Leavens, Auteur ; Alayna P. Tackett, Auteur ; Neil Molina, Auteur ; Lurdes Queimado, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2016 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 6 p. Présentation : tab. ; graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette:cigarette électronique
[TABAC] prévention:stratégie:réduction du risque
[TABAC] tabagisme:effet du tabac:toxicité
[TABAC] tabagisme:pathologie:cancerIndex. décimale : TA 5.8 Réduction des risques Résumé :
Introduction: Electronic cigarettes' (e-cigarettes) viability as a public health strategy to end smoking will likely be determined by their ability to mimic the pharmacokinetic profile of a cigarette while also exposing users to significantly lower levels of harmful/potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs). The present study examined the nicotine delivery profile of third- (G3) versus second-generation (G2) e-cigarette devices and their users' exposure to nicotine and select HPHCs compared with cigarette smokers.
Methods: 30 participants (10 smokers, 9 G2 and 11 G3 users) completed baseline questionnaires and provided exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO), saliva and urine samples. Following a 12-hour nicotine abstinence, G2 and G3 users completed a 2-hour vaping session (ie, 5 min, 10-puff bout followed by ad libitum puffing for 115 min). Blood samples, subjective effects, device characteristics and e-liquid consumption were assessed.
Results: Smokers, G2 and G3 users had similar baseline levels of cotinine, but smokers had 4 and 7 times higher levels of eCO (p<0.0001) and total 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (i.e., NNAL, p<0.01), respectively, than G2 or G3 users. Compared with G2s, G3 devices delivered significantly higher power to the atomiser, but G3 users vaped e-cigarette liquids with significantly lower nicotine concentrations. During the vaping session, G3 users achieved significantly higher plasma nicotine concentrations than G2 users following the first 10 puffs (17.5 vs 7.3 ng/mL, respectively) and at 25 and 40 min of ad libitum use. G3 users consumed significantly more e-liquid than G2 users. Vaping urges/withdrawal were reduced following 10 puffs, with no significant differences between device groups.
Discussion: Under normal use conditions, both G2 and G3 devices deliver cigarette-like amounts of nicotine, but G3 devices matched the amount and speed of nicotine delivery of a conventional cigarette. Compared with cigarettes, G2 and G3 e-cigarettes resulted in significantly lower levels of exposure to a potent lung carcinogen and cardiovascular toxicant. These findings have significant implications for understanding the addiction potential of these devices and their viability/suitability as aids to smoking cessation.
En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053041 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9620 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Need for improved regulation of tobacco e-commerce Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Eric, C. Leas, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2024 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 2 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] économie du tabac:marketing
[TABAC] législationMots-clés : commerce électronique Index. décimale : TA 8.3.2 Distribution (dont contrebande) En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2023-058515 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10191 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : New tobacco products : do smokers like them? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : R.S. Caraballo, Auteur ; Linda L. Pederson, Auteur ; N. Gupta, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 15/10/2005 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 15 Importance : 39-44 Note générale : Dans la bibliothèque virtuelle (articles scientifiques) Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] économie du tabac:fabrication du tabac:produit du tabac
[TABAC] étude
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme actif:fumeurIndex. décimale : TA 1.1 Tabac fumé Résumé : The objectives of this qualitative study were to understand: (1) how smokers who tried PREPs learned about them, (2) reasons for first trying PREPs, (3) which PREP(s) they tried, (4) what they thought of the product at first trial, (5) reasons for continuing or discontinuing use, and (6) whether they would recommend PREPs to others. Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2600 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité TA 002140 TA 1.1 CAR N Article/Périodique Bibliothèque FARES Tabac Consultation sur place
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Quantifying the effects of promoting smokeless tobacco as a harm reduction strategy in the USA / Adrienne B. Mejia
Titre : Quantifying the effects of promoting smokeless tobacco as a harm reduction strategy in the USA Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Adrienne B. Mejia, Auteur ; Pamela M. Ling, Auteur ; Stanton A. Glantz, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : P. 297 - 305 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Amérique:Amérique du Nord:Etats-Unis
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac non fuméIndex. décimale : TA 1.2 Tabac non fumé Résumé : Snus ( a form of smokeless tobacco) is less dangerous than cigarettes. Some health professionals argue that snus should be promoted as a component of a harm reduction strategy, while others oppose this approach. Major US tobacco comapgnies (RJ reynolds and Philip Morris) are marketing snus products as cigarette brand line extentons. The population effects of smokeless tobacco promotion will depend on the combined effects of changes in individual risk with population changes in tobacco use patterns. En ligne : https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/19/4/297 Format de la ressource électronique : HTML, PDF Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8220 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité TA 002305 TA 1.2 MEJ Q Article/Périodique Bibliothèque FARES Tabac Consultation sur place
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Titre : Quitting cigarettes completely or switching to smokeless tobacco : do US data replicate the Swedish results? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : S-H Zhu, Auteur ; J B Wang, Auteur ; Anne Hartmann, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2009 Collection : Tobacco Control num. Vol. 18 Importance : p. 82-87 Présentation : tab., graph. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] géographie:Amérique:Amérique du Nord:Etats-Unis
[DIVERS] géographie:Europe:Europe du Nord:Suède
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac non fumé:tabac à sucer:snus
[TABAC] étude
[TABAC] prévention:stratégie:réduction du risqueIndex. décimale : TA 6.2.3.1.4 Autres substituts nicotiniques Résumé : Background: Swedish male smokers are more likely than female smokers to switch to smokeless tobacco (snus) and males’ smoking cessation rate is higher than that of females. These results have fuelled international debate over promoting smokeless tobacco for harm reduction. This study examines whether similar results emerge in the United States, one of few other western countries where smokeless tobacco has long been widely available.
Methods: US data source: national sample in Tobacco Use Supplement to Current Population Survey, 2002, with 1-year follow-up in 2003. Analyses included adult self-respondents in this longitudinal sample (n = 15 056). Population-weighted rates of quitting smoking and switching to smokeless tobacco were computed for the 1-year period.
Results: Among US men, few current smokers switched to smokeless tobacco (0.3% in 12 months). Few former smokers turned to smokeless tobacco (1.7%). Switching between cigarettes and smokeless tobacco, infrequent among current tobacco users (<4%), was more often from smokeless to smoking. Men quit smokeless tobacco at three times the rate of quitting cigarettes (38.8% vs 11.6%, p<0.001). Overall, US men have no advantage over women in quitting smoking (11.7% vs 12.4%, p = 0.65), even though men are far likelier to use smokeless tobacco.
Conclusion: The Swedish results are not replicated in the United States. Both male and female US smokers appear to have higher quit rates for smoking than have their Swedish counterparts, despite greater use of smokeless tobacco in Sweden. Promoting smokeless tobacco for harm reduction in countries with ongoing tobacco control programmes may not result in any positive population effect on smoking cessation.En ligne : https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/18/2/82 Format de la ressource électronique : HTML Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7962 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Reducing e-cigarette use among youth and young adults : evidence of the truth campaign’s impact Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Elizabeth C. Hair, Auteur ; Jennifer M. Kreslake, Auteur ; Shreya Tulsiani , Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2023 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : 6 p. Présentation : tab., ill. Langues : Français (fre) Langues originales : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] CANDIDATS:e-cigarette
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette
[TABAC] économie du tabac:marketing:publicité:publicité anti-tabac
[TABAC] prévention:campagne:campagne médiatique
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme actifIndex. décimale : TA 8.8 Publicité Résumé : Background
Mass media campaigns have been shown to be effective in reducing cigarette use. However, evidence is limited for whether campaigns can shift e-cigarette use among youth and young adults (YYA). To assess the impact of the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign, which focused on the effects of vaping on mental health, this study examines the relationship between campaign awareness and e-cigarette behaviour among YYA.
Methods
Data from weekly cross-sectional surveys of YYA aged 15–24 years from September 2021 to October 2022 were used for multilevel models assessing how weekly campaign awareness is related to intentions to use e-cigarettes and current e-cigarette use (past 30 days). Weekly campaign awareness was calculated by averaging individual-level awareness for each week. Control variables included individual-level campaign awareness, sociodemographics, perceived financial situation, parental smoking, sensation seeking, and mental health.
Results
Weekly campaign awareness ranged from 50% to 78%, with most weeks (77%) being within 65% and 75% of weekly campaign awareness. At weekly awareness levels between 65% and 75%, there was a significant association with lower intentions to use e-cigarettes. A dose–response relationship was observed for current use: compared with weeks with lower (<65%) awareness, weeks with awareness of 65–70% had 14% lower odds of current use, weeks with 70–75% awareness had 16% lower odds and weeks
with >75% weekly awareness had 18% lower odds (p=0.018, p=0.009 and p=0.007, respectively).
Conclusions
Findings from this analysis of weekly campaign awareness demonstrate that exposure to the truth anti-e-cigarette campaign is associated with significantly lower odds of intentions to use and current use of e-cigarette among YYA.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tc-2023-057992 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10249 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : A study of pyrazines in cigarettes and how additives might be used to enhance tobacco addiction Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Hillel R. Alpert, Auteur ; Israel T. Agaku, Auteur ; Gregory Connolly, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : June 2015 Collection : Tobacco Control Importance : p.1-7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette
[TABAC] tabagisme:aspect psychologique:comportement:addictionIndex. décimale : TA 1 Constituants du tabac Résumé : Background
Nicotine is known as the drug that is responsible for the addicted behaviour of tobacco users, but it has poor reinforcing effects when administered alone. Tobacco product design features enhance abuse liability by (A) optimising the dynamic delivery of nicotine to central nervous system receptors, and affecting smokers’ withdrawal symptoms, mood and behaviour; and (B) effecting conditioned learning, through sensory cues, including aroma, touch and visual stimulation, to create perceptions of pending nicotine reward. This study examines the use of additives called ‘pyrazines’, which may enhance abuse potential, their introduction in ‘lights’ and subsequently in the highly market successful Marlboro Lights (Gold) cigarettes and eventually many major brands.
Methods
We conducted internal tobacco industry research using online databases in conjunction with published scientific literature research, based on an iterative feedback process.
Results
Tobacco manufacturers developed the use of a range of compounds, including pyrazines, in order to enhance ‘light’ cigarette products’ acceptance and sales. Pyrazines with chemosensory and pharmacological effects were incorporated in the first ‘full-flavour, low-tar’ product achieving high market success. Such additives may enhance dependence by helping to optimise nicotine delivery and dosing and through cueing and learned behaviour.
Conclusions
Cigarette additives and ingredients with chemosensory effects that promote addiction by acting synergistically with nicotine, increasing product appeal, easing smoking initiation, discouraging cessation or promoting relapse should be regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration. Current models of tobacco abuse liability could be revised to include more explicit roles with regard to non-nicotine constituents that enhance abuse potential.En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2014-051943 Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9526 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Thirdhand smoke : here to stay Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Suzaynn Schick, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2011 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 20:1 Importance : 3 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] chimie du tabac:fumée
[TABAC] étude
[TABAC] tabagisme:tabagisme passifIndex. décimale : TA 7.9 Fumée tertiaire En ligne : https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/20/1/1.long Format de la ressource électronique : HTML Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8085 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : Tobacco harm reduction : what do the experts think? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : E.G. Martin, Auteur ; K.E. Warner, Auteur ; P.M. Lantz, Auteur Editeur : BMJ Publishing Group Année de publication : 2004 Collection : Tobacco Control num. 13 Importance : p.123-128 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] personne:par métier:professionnel de la santé
[TABAC] tabagismeIndex. décimale : TA 0.3.1 Professionnels de la santé Résumé : Que pensent les experts à propos des réductions des dommages tabagiques? En ligne : http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/13/2/123.full.pdf+html Format de la ressource électronique : Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2601 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
