Effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a stop smoking intervention in adults / Niyati Vyas (2024)  

Public Titre : Effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a stop smoking intervention in adults : a systematic review Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Niyati Vyas, Auteur ; Alexandria Bennet, Auteur ; Candyce Hamel, Auteur Editeur : BioMed Central Année de publication : 2024 Collection : BMC Medicine, ISSN 1741-7015 num. 13(168) Importance : p. 1-16 Présentation : ill. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] personne:par âge:adulte [TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette:cigarette électronique [TABAC] étude [TABAC] sevrage tabagique [TABAC] tabagisme:risque Index. décimale : TA 1.1.1 Cigarettes (« normales », électroniques, aromatisées,…) Résumé : Background This systematic review aims to identify the benefts and harms of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) as a smoking cessation aid in adults (aged≥18 years) and to inform the development of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care’s (CTFPHC) clinical practice guidelines on e-cigarettes. Methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE®, Ovid MEDLINE® Epub Ahead of Print, In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Cita tions, PsycINFO, Embase Classic+Embase, and the Cochrane Library on Wiley. Searches were conducted from January 2016 to July 2019 and updated on 24 September 2020 and 25 January 2024. Two reviewers independently performed title-abstract and full-text screening according to the pre-determined inclusion criteria. Data extraction, quality assess ments, and the application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) were performed by one independent reviewer and verifed by another. Results We identifed 18 studies on 17 randomized controlled trials that compared e-cigarettes with nicotine to e-cigarettes without nicotine and e-cigarettes (with or without nicotine) to other interventions (i.e., no interven tion, waitlist, standard/usual care, quit advice, or behavioral support). Considering the benefts of e-cigarettes in terms of smoking abstinence and smoking frequency reduction, 14 studies showed small or moderate benefts of e-ciga rettes with or without nicotine compared to other interventions; although, with low, very low or moderate evidence certainty. With a focus on e-cigarettes with nicotine specifcally, 12 studies showed benefts in terms of smoking abstinence when compared with usual care or non-nicotine e-cigarettes. In terms of harms following nicotine or non nicotine e-cigarette use, 15 studies reported mild adverse events with little to no diference between groups and low to very low evidence certainty. Conclusion The evidence synthesis on the e-cigarette’s efectiveness shows data surrounding benefts having low to moderate evidence certainty for some comparisons and very low certainty for others, indicating that e-cigarettes may or probably increase smoking cessation, whereas, for harms, there is low to very low evidence certainty. Since the duration for outcome measurement varied among diferent studies, it may not be long-term enough for Adverse Events (AEs) to emerge, and there is a need for more research to understand the long-term benefts and potential harms of e-cigarettes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-024-02572-7 Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10507

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Effectiveness of stop smoking interventions among adults / Mona Hersi (2023)  

Public Titre : Effectiveness of stop smoking interventions among adults : an overview of systematic reviews Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Mona Hersi, Auteur ; Andrew Beck, Auteur ; Candyce Hamel, Auteur Editeur : BioMed Central Année de publication : 2023 Collection : BMC Medicine, ISSN 1741-7015 num. 8(1) Importance : 21 p. Présentation : ill., tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] personne:par âge:adulte [TABAC] chimie du tabac:tabac fumé:cigarette:cigarette électronique [TABAC] étude:méta-analyse [TABAC] sevrage tabagique:effet du sevrage:bénéfice du sevrage tabagique [TABAC] tabagisme:risque Index. décimale : TA 6.10 Conséquences / effets à long-terme du sevrage Résumé : Background: Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of cancer, preventable death, and disability. Smoking cessation can increase life expectancy by nearly a decade if achieved in the third or fourth decades of life. Various stop smoking interventions are available including pharmacotherapies, electronic cigarettes, behavioural support, and alternative therapies. This protocol outlines an evidence review which will evaluate the benefits and harms of stop smoking interventions in adults. Methods: The evidence review will consist of two stages. First, an overview of systematic reviews evaluating the benefits and harms of various stop smoking interventions delivered in or referred from the primary care setting will be conducted. The second stage will involve updating a systematic review on electronic cigarettes identified in the overview; randomized controlled trials will be considered for outcomes relating to benefits while randomized controlled trials, non-randomized controlled trials, and comparative observational studies will be considered for evaluating harms. Search strategies will be developed and peer-reviewed by medical information specialists. The search strategy for the updated review on e-cigarettes will be developed using that of the candidate systematic review. The MEDLINE®, PsycINFO, Embase, and the Cochrane Library electronic databases will be searched as of 2008 for the overview of reviews and from the last search date of the selected review for the updated review. Organizational websites and trial registries will be searched for unpublished or ongoing reviews/studies. Two reviewers will independently screen the title and abstracts of citations using the liberal accelerated method. Full-text screening will be performed independently by two reviewers. Extracted data will be verified by a second reviewer. Disagreements regarding full-text screening and data extraction will be resolved by consensus or third-party adjudication. The methodological quality of systematic reviews, risk of bias of randomized and non-randomized trials, and methodological quality of cohort studies will be evaluated using AMSTAR 2, the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and a modified version of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network critical appraisal tool, respectively. The GRADE framework will be used to assess the quality of the evidence for outcomes. Discussion: The evidence review will evaluate the benefits and harms of various stop smoking interventions for adults. Findings will be used to inform a national tobacco cessation guideline by the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0928-x Format de la ressource électronique : Article en ligne Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=10575

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Is a combination of varenicline and nicotine patch more effective in helping smokers quit than varenicline alone? / Peter Hajek (2013)  

Public Titre : Is a combination of varenicline and nicotine patch more effective in helping smokers quit than varenicline alone? : a randomised controlled trial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Peter Hajek, Auteur ; Katie Myers Smith, Auteur ; Al-Rehan Dhanji, Auteur ; Hayden McRobbie, Auteur Editeur : BioMed Central Année de publication : 2013 Collection : BMC Medicine, ISSN 1741-7015 Importance : p. 7 Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [TABAC] étude:recherche:recherche clinique:essai clinique randomisé [TABAC] sevrage tabagique:méthode de sevrage:méthode individuelle:approche pharmacologique:patch à la nicotine [TABAC] sevrage tabagique:méthode de sevrage:méthode individuelle:approche pharmacologique:substitution nicotinique [TABAC] sevrage tabagique:méthode de sevrage:méthode individuelle:approche pharmacologique:varénicline Index. décimale : TA 6.2.3 Approche pharmacologique Résumé : Background Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and varenicline are both effective in helping smokers quit. There is growing interest in combining the two treatments to improve treatment outcomes, but no experimental data exist on whether this is efficacious. This double-blind randomised controlled trial was designed to evaluate whether adding nicotine patches to varenicline improves withdrawal relief and short-term abstinence rates. Methods 117 participants seeking help to stop smoking were randomly allocated to varenicline plus placebo patch or varenicline plus nicotine patch (15 mg/16 hour). Varenicline use commenced one week prior to the target quit date (TQD), patch use started on the TQD. Ratings of urges to smoke and cigarette withdrawal symptoms were collected weekly over 4 weeks post-TQD. Medication use and smoking status were established at 1, 4 and 12 weeks. Participants lost to follow-up were included as continuing smokers. Results 92% of participants used both medications during the first week after the TQD. The combination treatment generated no increase in nausea or other adverse effects. It had no overall effect on urges to smoke or on other withdrawal symptoms. The combination treatment did not improve biochemically validated abstinence rates at 1 week and 4 weeks post-TQD (69% vs 59%, p=0.28 and 60% vs 59%, p=0.91, in the nicotine patch and placebo patch arm, respectively), or self reported abstinence rates at 12 weeks (36% vs. 29%, p=0.39, NS). Conclusions The efficacy of varenicline was not enhanced by the addition of nicotine patches, although further trials would be useful to exclude the possibility of type II error. En ligne : https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1741-7015-11-140 Format de la ressource électronique : HTML, PDF Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7445

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