0
Détail d'une collection
|
|
Documents disponibles dans la collection (3)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier Affiner la recherche
Titre : Management of smoking cessation in patients with psychiatric disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Karl Fagerström, Auteur ; Henri-Jean Aubin, Auteur Editeur : Abingdon [Angleterre] : Taylor & Francis Group Année de publication : 2009 Collection : Current medical research and opinion, ISSN 0300-7995 num. 25:2 Importance : p. 511-518 Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [DIVERS] discipline médicale, paramédicale et scientifique:médecine:médecine spécialisée:psychiatrie
[TABAC] chimie du tabac:constituant:alcaloïde:nicotine
[TABAC] prévention:santé:santé mentale
[TABAC] sevrage tabagiqueIndex. décimale : TA 6.2 Méthodes individuelles Résumé : BACKGROUND:
There is a close relationship between tobacco smoking and psychiatric disorders, and a higher proportion of individuals with mental health conditions smoke compared with the general population. Due to the increased smoking prevalence in this population, patients with psychiatric conditions are at greater risk of smoking-related morbidity and mortality and experience detrimental effects on their quality of life. However, while the majority of individuals with a history of mental health conditions appreciate that smoking is detrimental to their health, they are less likely to quit smoking and have a lower success rate during quit attempts compared with the general population.
SCOPE:
Peer-reviewed articles were identified from PubMed using the inclusive date-range of 1990 - October 2008 and the search terms; depression, mental health, psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia, and smoking cessation. Articles were selected from the search results to provide a general overview of some of the main issues for smokers with psychiatric disorders in general and specifically, those with schizophrenia and depression. The evidence from smoking cessation trials within these populations was also reviewed.
FINDINGS:
Nicotine has some positive effects on symptoms of psychiatric disorders and it has been proposed that patients with mental health conditions may smoke as a form of self-medication. Further, several studies have shown that some symptoms of psychiatric disorders may be exacerbated by nicotine withdrawal. Therefore, attempts to quit smoking pose additional problems to patients with mental health problems.
CONCLUSION:
Traditional programmes for smoking cessation may not always be suitable for psychiatric patients due to their neuropsychological profile. Preliminary evidence suggests that more flexible, open-ended, combination approaches of pharmacotherapy and counselling may be more successful. In addition, identification and treatment of nicotine addiction remains very low in patients with mental health conditions and far more needs to be done to raise the awareness and ability of psychiatrists to diagnose and treat patients with nicotine problems.En ligne : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19192999/ Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=8095 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité TA 005644 TA 6.2 FAG M Article/Périodique Bibliothèque FARES Tabac Consultation sur place
Exclu du prêtAucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
The efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation using a flexible dosing strategy in adult smokers / Raymond S. Niaura (2008)
Titre : The efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation using a flexible dosing strategy in adult smokers : a randomized controlled trial Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Raymond S. Niaura, Auteur ; J. Taylor Hays, Auteur ; Douglas E. Jorenby, Auteur Editeur : Abingdon [Angleterre] : Taylor & Francis Group Année de publication : 2008 Collection : Current medical research and opinion, ISSN 0300-7995 num. Vol 24, n. 7 Importance : p. 1931-1941 Présentation : graph., tab. Langues : Anglais (eng) Catégories : [TABAC] étude
[TABAC] sevrage tabagique:méthode de sevrage:méthode individuelle:approche pharmacologique:varéniclineIndex. décimale : TA 6.2.3.1.4 Autres substituts nicotiniques Résumé : Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
To determine whether self-regulated flexible dosing with varenicline tartrate is safe and effective for smoking cessation.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:
320 healthy, motivated-to-quit smokers (> or =10 cigarettes/day) aged 18-65 years, entered a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study - conducted between December 26, 2001 and June 24, 2003 - with a 12-week treatment phase and 40-week, double-blind, non-treatment follow-up. Treatment consisted of varenicline or placebo in fixed doses (Week 1: titrated from 0.5 to 1.0 mg/day) followed by a self-regulated flexible schedule (Weeks 2-12: 0.5-2.0 mg/day).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Primary outcomes included carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence rate (CAR) from smoking for Weeks 4 through 7, 9 through 12, and 9 through 52. Secondary outcomes included CAR from Weeks 9 through 24, 7-day point prevalence of abstinence, safety assessments, and measures of craving, withdrawal, and smoking reward.
RESULTS:
Superior CARs were observed in varenicline-treated (n = 157) versus placebo participants (n=155) for Weeks 4 through 7 (38.2 vs. 11.6%), 9 through 12 (40.1 vs. 11.6%), 9 through 24 (28.0 vs. 9.0%), and 9 through 52 (22.3 vs. 7.7%) (all p<0.001). Seven-day point prevalence was higher in varenicline-treated than placebo participants at Weeks 12 (46.5 vs. 14.2%; p<0.001), 24 (32.5 vs. 13.5%; p<0.001), and 52 (28.0 vs. 13.5%; p=0.001). Overall, medication compliance was high, although varenicline-treated, but not placebo, participants tended to taper down their dosage over time. Total treatment-emergent AEs were 77.1% (varenicline: 121/157) and 65.8% (placebo: 102/155). Few AEs led to treatment discontinuation (varenicline: 11/157, 7.0% and placebo: 7/155, 4.5%). Participants were primarily healthy Caucasians, so more research is necessary to determine how applicable these findings are to other populations.
CONCLUSIONS:
A self-regulated, flexible dosing regimen of varenicline is well tolerated, with superior effectiveness versus placebo for smoking cessation.Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=7940 Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité TA 005481 TA 6.2.3.1.4 NIA E Article/Périodique Bibliothèque FARES Tabac Consultation sur place
Exclu du prêtAucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
Titre : The impact of asthma exacerbations and preventive strategies Type de document : document électronique Auteurs : Graham M. Leroy, Auteur Editeur : Abingdon [Angleterre] : Taylor & Francis Group Année de publication : 2015 Collection : Current medical research and opinion, ISSN 0300-7995 Importance : 11 p. Présentation : ill., tab., graph. Langues : Français (fre) Catégories : [PROMOSAN] BPCO:exacerbation
[PROMOSAN] prévention
[TABAC] tabagisme:pathologie:pathologie respiratoire:asthmeIndex. décimale : AA 1.1. Généralités Résumé : Objective:
To review the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying asthma exacerbations, the impact of exacerbations, and both current and future treatment strategies to establish asthma control and reduce the risk of future exacerbations.
Research design and methods:
Relevant adult data were identified via PubMed, with additional references obtained by reviewing bibliographies from selected articles.
Results:
Asthma exacerbations or ‘attacks’ are acute episodes of progressive worsening of symptoms which occur in patients with all degrees of asthma severity and are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. For patients, these asthma attacks constitute a considerable part of the disease burden in terms of both personal suffering and economic impact. Exacerbations are characterized in part by decreases in expiratory flow or lung function. The pathophysiologic mechanism underlying these changes is likely to be different depending on the specific asthma phenotype. Asthma exacerbations are commonly initiated by upper respiratory tract infections and/or environmental allergens, although there are other known factors which increase the risk of
a patient developing exacerbations, such as cigarette smoking.
Establishing asthma control and reducing the risk of future exacerbations is the main goal of asthma treatment. Inhaled corticosteroids alone or in combination with long-acting b2-agonists, in addition to other step-up strategies such as leukotriene receptor antagonists and theophylline, are recommended. The anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody omalizumab should also be considered in difficult-to-treat allergic asthma.
Conclusions:
Despite the currently available treatments, many patients with asthma remain symptomatic and experience exacerbations regardless of disease severity. New therapies, including long-acting anticholinergics, anticytokines, and chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecules, are under investigation with some
promising results. In addition to increased education and use of self-management plans, these novel therapies are essential to help improve asthma control and reduce exacerbation risk.
Permalink : https://biblio.fares.be/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=9719 Aucun avis, veuillez vous identifier pour ajouter le vôtre !
