| Résumé : |
Tobacco Use Disorder (TUD) is a health problem of the first order in the world population, affecting a vulnerable population, such as people with other mental disorders, whose morbidity and mortality are increased as a result.
The high prevalence of TUD in people with other mental disorders is fundamentally related to common, genetic and neurobiological factors linked to the cerebral nicotinic cholinergic system involved in mental functioning, health and disease.
Patients with mental disorders may find an improvement in their mental functioning at a cognitive and emotional level due to the nicotine released when using tobacco, with positive effects on neurocognition, mood, anxiety and certain pathological traits.
Difficulties in achieving tobacco abstinence, a desirable goal, are evident in a very large proportion of patients, so realistic goals must be proposed to ensure a reduction in harm.
The different pharmacological treatment strategies are not fully effective and need to be administered for prolonged periods of time, as with other psychoactive drugs.
Varenicline would be the first pharmacological option, followed by bupropion or both combined, as they have different mechanisms of action.
In this therapeutic approach, treatment with nicotine replacement agonists in their different forms (e.g. patches, gum or spray) at adequate doses and other unregulated nicotine release devices, such as electronic cigarettes, snus and heat-not-burn products should be considered.
As future prospects, the diagnosis of TUD should gain greater importance so that patients with other mental disorders, dual disorders, can receive appropriate multidisciplinary care and integrated treatment to reduce or stop tobacco use entirely. |
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier Affiner la recherche
